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Background Platinum-based chemotherapeutics are the most common regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and genetic factors are thought to represent important determinants of drug efficacy. We prospectively assessed the status of the XPC Ala499Val and Lys939GIn gene polymorphisms and investigated whether these SNPs can predict the response to cisplatin/carboplatin-based regimens in advanced NSCLC patients in a Chinese population.Methods The treatment outcomes of 96 advanced NSCLC patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy were evaluated. The polymorphic status of xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) gene was genotyped by the 3-D polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray method.Results The distributions of XPC Lys939GIn genotypes differed significantly between the response group (complete +partial responses) and the non-response group (stable + progressive disease; P=0.022). The heterozygous A/C genotype carriers had a poorer response rate than the wild A/A genotype carriers in stage Ⅲ (OR, 0.074; 95% CI,0.008-0.704; P=0.023). The XPC Ala499Val polymorphisms were not associated with response to platinum-based chemotherapy.Conclusion Polymorphisms of the XPC gene, Lys939GIn, may be a predictive marker of treatment response for advanced NSCLC patients in stage Ⅲ.