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本文认为,企业经营机制就是由企业管理体制决定的企业运作原理,它决定着企业的效率和效益。企业经营机制的模式取决于企业管理体制,最终则取决于经济体制的模式。我国企业的经济机制有两大缺陷;即缺乏利益动力和自我约束力。转换企业经营机制,就是扬弃产品经济的残缺不全的企业经营机制,用市场经济的健全的企业经营机制加以更新。转换企业经营机制的实质是使企业真正做到自主经营、自负盈亏,其途径是改革生产资料所有制形式和分配制度。生产资料所有制形式应由单一国家所有制和准国家的集体所有制变为国家、企业、职工的共同占有制。分配制度的改革应取消单一僵化的工资分配办法,实行按股本和活劳动分配“纯收入”的“复式”分配政策;其次是纯收入部分由股东自主支配。
This paper argues that the operating mechanism of an enterprise is the operating principle of an enterprise determined by the enterprise management system, which determines the efficiency and effectiveness of the enterprise. The mode of operation mechanism depends on the enterprise management system, and ultimately depends on the mode of economic system. The economic mechanism of our country’s enterprises has two major drawbacks; that is, the lack of motivation for self-restraint and self-restraint. Transforming the mechanism of enterprise management means discarding the incomplete and incomplete enterprise management mechanism of the product economy and updating it with a sound enterprise management mechanism of a market economy. The essence of transforming the mechanism of business operation is to enable the enterprises to truly operate independently and to be responsible for their own profits and losses. The way is to reform the system of ownership and distribution of the means of production. Ownership of means of production should be owned by a single state ownership and quasi-state collective ownership into the state, enterprises, staff co-ownership system. The reform of the distribution system should eliminate the single rigid wage distribution method and implement the “double entry” distribution policy of “net income” distribution according to the share capital and the live labor; the second is that the net income should be controlled by the shareholders at their own discretion.