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由子囊菌Magnaporthe oryzae引起的稻瘟病一直是困扰水稻生产的难题。克隆水稻抗稻瘟病基因并通过分子育种手段培育抗性品种是防治稻瘟病最经济有效的方法。本文主要综述了国内外抗稻瘟病水稻品种资源的发掘现状,讨论抗稻瘟病基因的定位、克隆及其连锁标记研究进展,并描述了已克隆的水稻抗稻瘟病基因在染色体上的分布特点、等位性特征、结构特点以及作用方式,并对目前国内外通过分子标记辅助培育抗稻瘟病水稻品种的应用现状进行展望。
Rice blast caused by Ascomycetes Magnaporthe oryzae has been a problem that plagued rice production. Cloning of rice blast resistance genes and breeding of resistant varieties by molecular breeding is the most economical and effective way to control rice blast. In this paper, the status quo of rice blast resistant rice varieties at home and abroad was reviewed. The research on the location, cloning and linkage markers of rice blast resistance genes was discussed. The distribution characteristics of cloned rice blast resistance genes on chromosomes were also described. Allelism, structural characteristics and mode of action, and the current application of molecular marker-assisted breeding of rice varieties resistant to rice blast at home and abroad is prospected.