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高吸水性树脂(简称吸水剂)是近年来国外研制出的一种新型高分子材料,它可以吸收与保持自身重量数百倍到数千倍的无离子水。这种高分子材料,与水接触后,短时间即能吸水、膨润形成水凝胶,起着降水时吸水与天旱时保水的作用。国外不仅在吸水性生理用品、医疗卫生用品、工业增稠剂和脱水剂方面得到了广泛应用,而且在农、林、园艺等方面的应用也取得了可喜成就。在我国,高吸水性树脂尚处于研制阶段,1982年吉林省石油化工设计研究院首次合成,吸水倍数可达500倍左右。
Superabsorbent resin (Absorbent) is a new type of polymer developed abroad in recent years. This polymer material, after contact with water, can absorb water and swell to form hydrogels in a short time, which plays the role of water retention during water absorption and drought in precipitation. Abroad is not only widely used in absorbent physiological products, medical and health products, industrial thickeners and dehydrating agents, but also made gratifying achievements in the fields of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. In China, superabsorbent resin is still in the research and development stage. In 1982, Jilin Petrochemical Design and Research Institute for the first time synthesized 500 times of water absorbency.