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使动用法是高中文言文教学的重点和难点,易与其他用法相混淆,为了能够准确地掌握使动用法,有必要明确区分使动用法和其他易混用法,其中应主要区分:动词的使动用法与普通用法;使动用法与意动用法;使动用法与为动用法。一、动词的使动用法与普通用法辨析1.形式方面。动词分及物动词和不及物动词,普通用法中,及物动词后跟宾语,不及物动词后不跟宾语;使动用法中,及物动词和不及物动词都可跟宾语,有时虽可省略宾语,但一定能够补出。2.语义方面。在使动用法中,宾语是动词表示动作的施行者,但在许多情况下,并不容易判断动作的施行者,
It is necessary to make a clear distinction between usages and other misleading uses in order to make it accurate to grasp the usage of usages. The main distinction should be made between: the use of verbs Usage and common usage; make usage and usage use; use usage and usage. First, the use of verbs and use of ordinary usage 1. Formal aspects. Verbs divided into transitive and intransitive verbs, common usage, transitive verbs followed by the object, transitive verbs do not follow the object; the use of law, transitive and intransitive verbs can be followed by the object, sometimes Can omit the object, but will be able to make up. 2. Semantic aspects. In the usage, the object is the verb that the actor of the action, but in many cases, it is not easy to determine the action of the actor,