【摘 要】
：
生态旅游被视为解决保护和发展的最有效手段之一,但现阶段的生态旅游开展对野生动物造成影响的程度和方式还缺乏研究.为研究生态旅游活动开展过程中产生的噪声是否会对滇金丝猴(Rinopithecus bieti)产生影响,2017年7月5日至2018年2月8日,在云南香格里拉滇金丝猴国家公园,采用10 min间隔的瞬时扫描取样法记录游客噪声、观赏距离、可见滇金丝猴总数量及其不同年龄-性别组滇金丝猴个体数量.结果 显示,生态旅游行为显著增加了环境噪声值,向游客开放时段的噪声值(52.42 dB)显著高于非开放时段(
【机 构】
：
大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院 大理671003;国际生物多样性与灵长类保护中心 大理671003;大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院 大理671003;云南农业大学动物医学院 昆明650201;白马雪山国家级自然保
论文部分内容阅读
生态旅游被视为解决保护和发展的最有效手段之一,但现阶段的生态旅游开展对野生动物造成影响的程度和方式还缺乏研究.为研究生态旅游活动开展过程中产生的噪声是否会对滇金丝猴(Rinopithecus bieti)产生影响,2017年7月5日至2018年2月8日,在云南香格里拉滇金丝猴国家公园,采用10 min间隔的瞬时扫描取样法记录游客噪声、观赏距离、可见滇金丝猴总数量及其不同年龄-性别组滇金丝猴个体数量.结果 显示,生态旅游行为显著增加了环境噪声值,向游客开放时段的噪声值(52.42 dB)显著高于非开放时段(47.51 dB),且游客数量越多噪声值越大;游客的观赏距离越近可见的滇金丝猴个体数量越少,且不同观赏距离下可见的滇金丝猴个体数存在显著差异,当观赏距离在11～15m时,游客可见滇金丝猴总数量最多(2046只);在1～5 m的观赏距离内,不同年龄-性别组猴的理论可见数量不同,成年雄性猴的理论可见数量最高(2.9只),其次是青少年猴(2.2只),成年雌猴(1.8只)和婴猴(1.6只)最低.推测,不同年龄-性别组滇金丝猴个体抵抗干扰的能力不同,成年雄性猴抗干扰能力最强,其次是青少年猴个体,成年雌性猴和婴猴抗干扰能力较弱.由此,本研究认为,现阶段香格里拉滇金丝猴国家公园的生态旅游活动增加了环境噪声,且对滇金丝猴的行为产生了一定的干扰;游客观赏距离越近、游客数量越多,干扰越大.建议在未来的生态旅游过程中,严格设立游客观赏距离,且观赏距离应在10m以上;设立标语,提醒游客保持安静,减少噪音,从而减少对滇金丝猴的干扰.
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