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从各种扰动随时间变化的共性出发,对光纤扰动分布传感技术进行了分类,并对其系统结构、检测原理、定位方法、技术特点和应用领域进行了分析。对光时域反射(OTDR)型和干涉型两种常见的光纤时变扰动分布传感(TDDS)技术做了较全面的介绍,对新型的混沌有源光纤时变扰动分布传感技术做了较详细的描述,着重说明各种研究方案的扰动定位方法的原理、优缺点及最新的进展。最后指出,提高系统的检测实时性和抗干扰能力并降低系统的误报率是光纤时变扰动分布传感技术实用化研究的主要方向。
Based on the commonness of various perturbations with time, the fiber disturbance distribution sensing technology is classified, and its system structure, detection principle, positioning method, technical characteristics and application fields are analyzed. This paper presents a general introduction to two common OTDR and interference TDDS technologies. A new type of time-varying perturbation distributed sensing technology for chaotic active optical fibers A more detailed description focuses on the principles, advantages and disadvantages, and recent advances of the perturbation localization methods for various research programs. Finally, it is pointed out that improving the real-time detection and anti-interference ability of the system and reducing the false positive rate of the system are the main directions of the practical research on the distributed disturbance sensing technology.