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当前果园生产中促进苹果果实着色使用最广泛的技术是套袋,但又因其需要大量劳动力和影响果实内在品质,降低耐储性等问题,需要有新的方法能达到与其相似的作用效果。为解决这一问题,该试验在苹果优生区陕西省白水进行了田间试验,以期探索一种更为高效省力、安全环保、逐步替代苹果套袋的新技术。试验以二氢茉莉酸甲酯(MDJ)和香草醛为主成分的2种苹果专用品质改良剂(TR1、TR2)为试材,并与靓钛肥(TR3)及市场上流行的稀土高科肥(TR4)进行比较,通过测定相关指标,探讨其对8年生中熟“玉华早富”苹果果实品质的作用效果。结果表明:2种品质改良剂与同类产品相比,均能有效促进中熟苹果果皮着色,改善果形及亮度,显著提高果实糖酸比,增加维生素C和钾含量;同时对果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、硬度也有促进作用;综上,2种苹果品质改良剂在中熟品种“玉华早富”上应用效果更好,能够同时改善果实风味、营养及贮藏品质,促进果实着色;且其作用效果与含钛(Ti)叶面肥相接近,具有市场推广价值。
At present, the most widely used technique to promote the coloring of apple fruit in bagasse is bagging. However, because of the labor force required, the inherent quality of the fruit and the decrease of storage resistance, new methods are needed to achieve similar effects. In order to solve this problem, this experiment conducted a field experiment in Baishui, an apple-eugenics region in Shaanxi Province, in order to explore a new technology that is more efficient, labor-saving, safe and environmentally friendly, and gradually replaces apple bagging. Two apple-specific quality improvers (TR1 and TR2), mainly composed of MDJ and vanillin, were used as test materials, and were compared with those of TR3 and rare earth high-tech fertilizer (TR4) were compared to determine the relevant indicators, to explore its 8-year-old medium maturing “Yuhua early rich ” effect of apple fruit quality. The results showed that compared with similar products, the two kinds of quality improver could effectively promote the color of peel, improve fruit shape and brightness, increase sugar and acid ratio of fruit and increase contents of vitamin C and potassium in medium maturing apple. Meanwhile, Soluble solid content, hardness also promote the role; In summary, the two kinds of apple quality improver in the maturing varieties “Yuhua early rich ” on the application of better, can simultaneously improve the fruit flavor, nutrition and storage quality, and promote fruit Coloring; and its effect with titanium (Ti) foliar phase close, with marketing value.