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(一)成本失控。即在处理改革、发展、稳定三者关系时,所必须支付的费用。据中南6省市的调查,现在仅企业用于支付的下岗职工生活费、职工各种社会保障费就已近职工工资总额的二分之一。无疑,国有企业过量地承担了改革成本。 (二)产出失质。据调查,现在工厂资金利率大部分已超过25％,和市场利率不相上下。大部分厂家在望“率”兴叹下,又不得不用,“违心”依附。其结果,银行的呆死账直线上升,这种银企结合在低水平上运行,窘境自然表现在国企身上。 (三)加压失宜。我国企业的改革由松梆放权到承包制,再到推行
(a) The cost is out of control. That is, the fees that must be paid when dealing with the relationship between reform, development, and stability. According to a survey conducted by six provinces and cities in south China, only the cost of living for workers laid off by enterprises and the various social security fees for employees are now close to one-half of the total wages of employees. Undoubtedly, state-owned enterprises have excessively assumed the cost of reform. (b) Loss of output. According to the survey, most of the factory’s fund interest rates now exceed 25%, which is comparable to the market interest rate. Most manufacturers are eager to see the “rate” and they have to use it again. As a result, the bank’s slack and death accounts have skyrocketed. This type of bank-enterprise combination is operating at a low level, and the dilemma naturally manifests itself in the state-owned enterprises. (c) Loss of pressure. The reform of our country’s enterprises has been carried out by Matsushita’s devolution of power to the contracting system and implementation of