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目的:首次对麻花秦艽的染色体数目、核型等进行分析研究,并与秦艽和小秦艽进行比较,为其遗传和进化提供了进一步的细胞学证据。方法:根尖用0.002mol/L的8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理5.7h,用2.5%混合酶液,于25℃下酶解1.6h,低渗处理3h(置于冰箱内),然后采用空气干燥制片法,结合显微摄影对染色体进行分析。结果:麻花秦艽核型公式是K(2n)=26=2M+24m,核型不对称系数(AS.K)为52.68%,属于“1A”型。结论:麻花秦艽的核型与秦艽、小秦艽相比较,秦艽最为进化,麻花秦艽介于秦艽和小秦艽之间。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chromosome number and karyotype of Gentiana macrophylla for the first time, and to compare with Gentiana macrophylla and Gentiana macrophylla, providing further cytological evidence for its genetic and evolution. Methods: The root tips were pretreated with 0.002mol / L 8-hydroxyquinoline solution for 5.7h with 2.5% mixed enzyme solution, digested at 25 ℃ for 1.6h and hypotonic treatment for 3h in a refrigerator, Air-drying method, combined with microscopic analysis of chromosomes. Results: The karyotype of Gentiana straminea was K (2n) = 26 = 2M + 24m. The asymmetry index of karyotype (AS.K) was 52.68%, which belonged to type “1A”. Conclusion: The karyotype of Gentiana macrophylla is the most evolutionary genotype compared with that of Gentiana macrophylla and Gentiana macrophylla, and Gentiana macrophylla is between Gentiana macrophylla and Gentiana macrophylla.