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爆破时,与炸药接触的矿岩会产生塑性变形带,爆破对矿岩的作用与此变形带中爆炸能量的损失有很大关系。可以采取各种技术措施控制这种能量损失。措施之一是消除或减小塑性变形带。采用装药腔不装满炸药的方法可达到这一点。措施之二,是利用中间工作介质以减弱爆破对矿岩的破碎作用。工作介质可以是空气、液体或其他材料。利用这些介质依其可压缩性的不同,可降低冲击波的波幅,延长冲击
At the time of blasting, the mineral rock in contact with explosives will produce plastic deformation zone, and the effect of blasting on the ore rock has a great relation with the explosion energy loss in this deformation zone. Various technical measures can be taken to control this energy loss. One of the measures is to eliminate or reduce the plastic deformation zone. This can be achieved by using a method of filling the charge chamber without filling the explosive. The second measure is the use of intermediate working medium to weaken the blasting of ore rock crushing effect. The working medium can be air, liquid or other materials. The use of these media, depending on their compressibility, can reduce the amplitude of the shock wave and prolong the impact