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目的探讨职业接触二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对青年女工肝损害的影响。方法对DMF工作场所进行职业卫生学调查,用气相色谱法测定尿甲基甲酰胺(NMF),按GBZ 188—2007《职业健康监护技术规范》规定对职业接触DMF的48名女工进行职业健康检查,按GBZ 159—2004和GBZ/T 160.62—2004规定进行生产环境监测,对监测及健康检查结果进行分析。结果工作场所空气中的DMF平均质量浓度为11.50～102.85 mg/m3,职业接触女工班末尿中NMF质量浓度为7.20～38.20 mg/(g.Cr),两者呈明显相关关系,相关方程式为y=0.338 9 x+3.029 7(r=0.998 6,P<0.01)。职业接触DMF女工肝功能异常率明显高于对照组,其肝功能异常率与累积接触水平呈剂量-反应关系。结论职业接触DMF对青年女工肝损害有一定影响,降低工作场所质量浓度,减少接触时间,增强防护措施是预防DMF职业危害的关键。
Objective To investigate the effect of occupational exposure to dimethylformamide (DMF) on young female workers with liver damage. Methods To investigate occupational hygiene in DMF workplace and determine urinary methylformamide (NMF) by gas chromatography and to conduct occupational health examination on 48 women workers exposed to DMF in accordance with GBZ 188-2007 Technical Code of Occupational Health Monitoring , According to GBZ 159-2004 and GBZ / T 160.62-2004 provisions of the production environment monitoring, monitoring and health examination results were analyzed. Results The average concentration of DMF in the air of the workplace was 11.50 ~ 102.85 mg / m3. The NMF concentration in the urine of the working-class female workers was 7.20 ~ 38.20 mg / (g.Cr), the correlation was y = 0.338 9 x + 3.029 7 (r = 0.998 6, P <0.01). The abnormal rate of liver function in female workers exposed to occupational exposure was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the rate of abnormal liver function was in a dose-response relationship with the cumulative exposure level. Conclusion Occupational Exposure to DMF has certain impact on young female workers with liver damage. Reducing the concentration of workplace, reducing contact time and enhancing protective measures are the keys to prevent DMF occupational hazards.