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众所周知,我们所说的稀土元素是包括周期表中的镧系元素(Z57～71)和钪,钇等十七个元素,由于它们的化学性质极其相似,所以分离和提纯相当困难。长期以来人们在这方面倣了大量的科学研究工作,现在分离高纯(某元素对全稀土总量的比)单一稀土并没有太大的技术问题,但随着纯稀土在萤光材料、电子材料等方面应用的深入研究,人们愈来愈重视稀土元素中非稀土元素的影响,例如重金属杂质对萤光粉的发光有强烈的猝灭作用,痕迹量的重金属杂质都会使萤光粉的发光性能受到严重的损害。因此稀土与非稀土的分离问题,特别是痕量非稀土杂质的分离越来越受到稀土生产厂家和用户的重视,它不但是一个技术问题,在多数情况下还涉及到经济和成本问题,本文就这个问题结合生产实际作一些初步讨论。
As we all know, we say that the rare earth elements include the periodic table of the lanthanides (Z57 ~ 71) and scandium, yttrium and other seventeen elements, because of their very similar chemical nature, so the separation and purification is quite difficult. For a long time people in this area imitate a large number of scientific research, and now separate high purity (a element of total rare earth total) single rare earth and not much technical problems, but with pure rare earth in fluorescent materials, electronic Materials and other aspects of the application of more in-depth study, people pay more attention to rare earth elements in the non-rare earth elements, such as heavy metal impurities on the fluorescent powder has a strong quenching effect, trace amounts of heavy metal impurities will make the phosphor luminescence Performance is severely impaired. Therefore, the separation of rare earth and non-rare earth, especially the separation of trace non-rare earth impurities is more and more attention by rare earth manufacturers and users, it is not only a technical problem, in most cases also involves economic and cost issues, this article On this issue combined with the actual production to make some preliminary discussions.