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目的:观察不同剂量黄芩苷给药不同时间对大鼠肝肾的毒性作用，为临床用药的安全性提供实验参考依据。方法:于2019年4月，将42只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组（0.9%氯化钠溶液，14只）和黄芩苷给药组（100、200 mg/kg，各14只），经口灌胃，1次/d，6次/周，于给药28、56 d后各组分别处死7只大鼠，称量肝脏、肾脏湿重并计算脏器系数，采用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色检测其组织形态学改变，并检测大鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（CRE）的含量。结果:黄芩苷200 mg/kg组大鼠给药56 d后体质量、肾脏系数均低于对照组（n P<0.05），组织形态学显示肾小球萎缩变小、肾小管明显萎缩且上皮细胞发生坏死，肝脏未见明显异常。黄芩苷200 mg/kg组大鼠给药56 d后，血清中BUN、CRE含量高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（n P<0.05）；黄芩苷100 mg/kg组各时间点和黄芩苷200 mg/kg组给药28 d后各指标均未见明显异常。n 结论:在本试验条件下，黄芩苷给药对雄性大鼠有一定的肾脏毒性作用。“,”Objective:To observe the toxic effects of different doses of baicalin on liver and kidney of rats after different time administration, and provide experimental reference for the safety of clinical medication.Methods:In April 2019, 42 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into a control group (0.9% sodium chloride solution) and baicalin administration groups (100, 200 mg/kg) , 14 rats in each group, and one was given by oral gavage. 7 times/d, 6 times/week, 7 rats in each group were sacrificed 28 and 56 days after the administration. The wet weights of liver and kidney were weighed and the organ coefficients were calculated. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the histomorphological changes. And the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , alkaline phosphatase (ALP) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) were detected.Results:After 56 days of administration in baicalin 200 mg/kg rats, the body weight and kidney coefficient were lower than those of the control group. Histopathology showed that glomerular atrophy became smaller, renal tubules were significantly atrophied, and epithelial cell necrosis occurred. No obvious abnormalities in liver was observed. After 56 days of administration in baicalin 200 mg/kg rats, the levels of BUN and CRE in the serum were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (n P<0.05) . There were no obvious abnormalities in the baicalin 100 mg/kg group and the 28 d of administration in baicalin 200 mg/kg group.n Conclusion:Under the conditions of this test, baicalin has certain renal toxicity in male rats.