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我国是一个有悠久农业历史的大国。在我国光彩夺目的农业科学成就中,作物育种占着重要位置。回顾科学育种方法在我国的产生和发展,探讨其规律,可以起到借鉴历史,温故而知新的作用。一、古代作物育种方法的简单回顾我国大约在9000多年以前就出现了最初的农业。据西安半坡遗址和浙江余姚河姆渡遗址的考古证明,远在七八千年以前,我国就形成了黄河流域的粟农业和长江流域的稻农业。夏、商、西周时期,我国以农业为主的自然经济开始形成。《诗经》中许多诗篇专门描述农业生产,其中多处记载农作物选种和品种。在成书于2200多年前的《吕览》任时篇、审时篇中,分别提出了禾、黍、稻、麻、菽、麦等作物的选种原则和选
Our country is a big country with a long history of agriculture. Crop breeding occupies an important position in the dazzling achievements of agricultural science in our country. Recalling the emergence and development of scientific breeding methods in our country and exploring its laws, we can learn from history and learn from it in a new role. First, a simple review of ancient methods of crop breeding China about 9,000 years ago appeared before the initial agriculture. According to the archeology of the Banpo Site in Xi’an and the site of Hemudu in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, far from seven to eight years ago, rice farming in the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin were formed in China. In the summer, the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, the natural economy dominated by agriculture began to take shape. Many of the Psalms in The Book of Songs devoted to agricultural production, with many records of crop selection and variety. In the book “Lvhai” articles published in the book more than 2,200 years ago, the trial articles, respectively, put forward the selection principle of Wo, millet, rice, hemp, 菽, wheat and other crops selection and election