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目的分析广州市海珠区2004-2013年甲、戊肝流行病学特征,为甲、戊肝防治工作提供科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,对海珠区2004-2013年网络直报的甲、戊肝病例流行病学资料进行分析。结果 2004-2013年全区共报告甲肝病例230例、戊肝病例747例,年平均发病率分别为1.6052/10万、5.1435/10万;甲、戊肝的发病周期性和季节性不明显,均为散发;男性病例多于女性(甲肝和戊肝的男女比分别为1.5∶1、1.85∶1),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甲肝的多发人群为青年(25~岁和35~岁组比例较高,分别占12.61%和12.17%),戊肝以青壮年和中老年人发病居多,25~79岁的共计占88.89%。职业方面,甲肝和戊肝均以离退休人员和家政家务及待业人员居多。结论本区的甲、戊肝发病总体比较平稳,维持在比较低的发病率水平。今后要加强重点年龄段和职业人群的健康教育宣传工作,进一步做好疫情防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hepatitis A and. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of A and E cases from 2004 to 2013 in Haizhu District. Results A total of 230 Hepatitis A cases and 747 Hepatitis E cases were reported in the whole region from 2004 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 1.6052 / 100000 and 5.1435 / 10 million respectively. The incidences of A and E were not obvious, (Male and female ratio of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were 1.5: 1 and 1.85: 1, respectively), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The majority of hepatitis A patients were young people (25- and 35-year-old group were higher, accounting for 12.61% and 12.17% respectively). The majority of hepatitis E patients were young adults and middle-aged and elderly people, accounting for 88.89% of the total. In occupational terms, both Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E are mostly retired and domestic workers and unemployed persons. Conclusion The incidence of A and E in this area is generally stable and remains at a relatively low incidence. In the future, we will step up publicity and education on health education in key age groups and occupational groups so as to further prevent and control epidemic situation.