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在这篇文章中,我试图追溯巴赫金小说理论背后的俄国知识传统,然后从这点出发,以一种比以往更为确凿的方法去讨论他的独创性。令人惊讶的是,对19世纪晚期一直到20世纪30年代俄国知识界中巴赫金思想来源问题的研究,一直乏善可陈。尽管我们在研究巴赫金与康德主义及新康德主义的关系方面有很大进展,但对俄国的文化、宗教、哲学和文学的理论思想传统了解还不够。这方面有一些做得很好的研究,但在这篇文章中我将不去讨论这些思想家和学者们在他们研究中讨论过的问题。相反,我将集中围绕着文学理论和文学史,详细地讨论维谢洛夫斯基(Veselovsky),俄国形式主义者和弗雷登伯格(Olga
In this article, I try to trace the Russian tradition of knowledge behind Bakhtin’s theory of fiction, and from that point on I discuss his originality in a more precise way than ever before. Surprisingly, the study of the origins of Bahakhin in the Russian intelligentsia from the late nineteenth century up to the 1930s has been poorly studied. Although we have made great progress in studying the relations between Bakhtin and Kantianism and neo-Kantianism, it is not enough to have a traditional understanding of Russian theoretical thoughts on culture, religion, philosophy and literature. There are some well-researched studies in this area, but I will not discuss the issues these thinkers and scholars discussed in their research in this article. Instead, I will focus on literary and literary history, discussing in detail Veselovsky, Russian formalists and Olga