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背景:以往曾采用猴、犬、猪、兔等大动物作为腭中缝牵张动物模型,但存在费用高,样本量小,检测抗体难获得等缺点。Wistar大鼠头部较宽阔,便于腔方面的操作,且成本低,繁殖率高,作为腭中缝牵张模型,有可能克服以上缺陷。目的:建立大鼠腭中缝牵张实验动物模型,为进一步进行腭中缝牵张的实验动物研究提供基础。方法:5周龄Wistar雄性大鼠20只,平均体质量65g,随机分成实验组与对照组,每组10只。实验组采用0.014澳丝弯制双眼圈簧样扩弓装置,插入第一、二磨牙牙间隙,用光固化树脂粘结在大鼠磨牙舌侧进行固位;对照组安装未加力的同型扩弓装置。主动加力1周。在扩弓结束后分别对大鼠腭中缝进行X射线片,组织学观察。结果与结论:上颌骨X射线片发现实验组腭中缝明显扩宽,磨牙明显颊向倾斜。经光镜观察发现,实验组腭中缝偏口腔侧明显增宽,间充质细胞呈梭性,与牵张力方向一致。在其下方出现创伤性炎症反应,有明显的出血区。结果证实,实验大鼠腭中缝牵张动物模型满足实验研究的需要,具有操作简单、设计科学、可重复性强的特点。
BACKGROUND: In the past, large animals such as monkeys, dogs, pigs and rabbits have been used as models for the extraction of palatal sutures. However, there are some shortcomings such as high cost, small sample size and difficulty in detecting antibodies. Wistar rats have a wider head, which is easy for the operation of the cavity, and has the advantages of low cost and high reproductive rate. As a model of the palatal mid-stretch, it is possible to overcome the above defects. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of experimental palatal suture distraction in order to provide a basis for the further study of experimental animals with palatal-slit distraction. Methods: Twenty Wistar male rats aged 5 weeks were divided into experimental group and control group randomly with 10 rats in each group. The mean body weight was 65 g. In the experimental group, a double-eye coil spring arch-expanding device with a diameter of 0.014 mm was inserted into the gap between the first and second molar teeth and fixed with the light-curing resin on the lingual side of the rat molar. The control group was fitted with the same- Bow device. Active force for 1 week. X-ray films were taken from the palatal suture of rats after the expansion of the arch, and histological observation was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Maxillary X-ray film showed that the experimental group was significantly wider palatal incision, molars obvious cheek tilt. Observed by light microscopy, the experimental group than in the palate midgut side of the oral cavity was significantly wider, mesenchymal cells were spindle, consistent with the direction of stretch. Traumatic inflammatory reaction appears below it, with obvious bleeding area. The results confirmed that the experimental rat palatal suture animal model to meet the needs of experimental research, with simple operation, scientific design, repeatability and strong features.