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烃的衍生物在高考试题中涉及的考点有卤代烃、醇、酚、醛、羧酸、酯的组成、结构特点和性质,多考查基本反应类型、典型实验、相关物质的相互转化等,在高考试题中选择题考查烃的衍生物基本知识,填空题中以合成与推断为主要考查形式.例1下列各组混合物中,都能用分液漏斗分离的是().A.乙酸乙酯和水,酒精和水,苯酚和水B.二溴乙烷和水,溴苯和水,硝基苯和水C.甘油和水,乙醛和水,乙酸和乙醇D.苯和甲苯,乙烷和水,甲酸和水解析:互不相溶的两种液体,才能用分液漏斗分
Hydrocarbon derivatives in the entrance exam questions are halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters of the composition, structural characteristics and nature of the multi-test basic types of reactions, typical experiments, the conversion of related substances, In the entrance examination questions multiple choice test hydrocarbon knowledge of the basic knowledge, fill in the blank questions to synthesis and inference as the main test form.Example 1 The following groups of mixtures, can be separated with separatory funnel () .A.Acetate B Esters and water, alcohol and water, phenol and water B. Dibromoethane and water, bromobenzene and water, nitrobenzene and water C. Glycerol and water, acetaldehyde and water, acetic acid and ethanol D. Benzene and toluene, Ethane and water, formic acid and water Analysis: two different immiscible liquid, can be separated by funnel points