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本文对游泳、举重、中长跑和体操等不同专项运动负荷下运动员肱骨和和股骨发生的形态变化进行了研究,发现不同类型运动负荷对长骨横径增粗和骨壁增粗有明显影响.且负荷愈大增粗程度愈明显.中长跑运动员股骨的横径和骨壁厚度增长明显;体操运动员肱骨撤径和骨壁厚度增长明显;举重运动员肱骨和股骨的横径与骨壁厚度长均明显,但股骨横径小于中长跑运动员,股骨壁厚度则较大,骨髓腔较小;游泳运动员股骨、肱骨横径及骨壁厚度增长均不明显.动力性负荷对长骨长径生长的促进作用大于静力性负荷.
In this paper, the morphological changes of humerus and femur in athletes under different special sports load such as swimming, weight lifting, middle and long distance running and gymnastic exercise were studied. It was found that different types of exercise load had significant effects on the thickening of the long bone and the thickening of the bone wall. The heavier the load is, the greater the degree of thickening is. The width and thickness of the femur in middle and long distance runners increase obviously. The weight of humerus and femur in weightlifter is obviously longer than that in gymnast. , But the transverse diameter of the femur was smaller than that of the middle and long distance runners, but the thickness of the femur wall was larger and the bone marrow cavity was smaller. The growth of the femur, the humerus and the thickness of the bone wall were not significant in swimmers. Static load.