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本文从玉米螟的发生分布、生活史、发育与存活、扩散能力、天敌、测报与防治等方面回顾了亚洲玉米螟的研究历史和现状,分析探讨了所存在的问题与对策。玉米螟的发育速率、生殖力和存活率都在玉米生殖生长期最高。光温综合作用下的化性变化及可能的迁移扩散活动能影响玉米螟的发生危害特性。目前有记录的天敌共136种(寄生性天敌68种,捕食性天敌63种,病原微生物5种),田间自然寄生率一般较低,但越冬后化蛹阶段的幼虫被寄生率较高。玉米螟的中、长期测报基本上还是空白,应用的各种防治技术还不能满足生产上的要求。主要原因是基础研究薄弱,科学贮备严重不足,对农田生态系统中一些基本的生态过程的研究还是空白,对玉米螟种群及种群以下的一些基本规律尚不清楚。同时,防治技术的可操作性与可接受程度也影响其推广应用,需要在明确玉米螟种群数量变动的调控机制的基础上,研究简易、实用、高效的防治措施。
In this paper, the history and status quo of the Asian corn borer (Oryza sativae) is reviewed in terms of the occurrence and distribution, life history, development and survival, dispersal ability, natural enemies, measurement and prevention of the Ostrinia furnacalis. The problems and countermeasures are analyzed. Corn borer development rate, fecundity and survival rate in maize reproductive growth stage. Chemical changes under light and temperature combined effects and possible migration and diffusion activities can affect the occurrence of corn borer Hazard characteristics. At present, there are 136 natural enemies recorded (68 species of parasitic natural enemies, 63 species of predatory natural enemies and 5 pathogenic microorganisms). Natural parasitism rates are generally low in the field, but larvae parasitized at the stage of pupation after overwintering are higher in parasitism rate. Corn borer in the long-term report is basically still blank, the application of a variety of prevention and control technology can not meet the production requirements. The main reason is the weak basic research and serious shortage of scientific reserves. The research on some basic ecological processes in farmland ecosystem is still blank, and some basic rules below are not clear to the corn borer population and population. At the same time, the operability and acceptability of control technology also affect its popularization and application. The control mechanism of the population variation of corn borer is needed to study the simple, practical and efficient control measures.