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作为后勤保障的重要工具和武器装备的机动平台,战术轮式车辆历来受到美国军方的高度重视。20世纪80年代初,美军制定了战术轮式车辆现代化计划,力求促进美军机动作战能力的全面提高。经过20多年的发展,美军的轻型、中型、重型及特种战术车辆已全面实现了高机动性和现代化,并在局部战争中展示了出色的战术性能。轻型战术车辆“悍马”诞生以前,美军装备的轻型战术车辆主要是载质量0.25吨级的M151吉普和M274机械骡、载质量1.25吨级的M880皮卡以及载质量1.5吨级的M561高尔等3个载质量吨级、4个系列的车型。20世纪80年代初期,美军开始研制载质量1.25吨级的高机动性多用途轮式车辆,即通常所称的“悍马”用于替换上述轻型越野车。“悍马”系列的基型车为M998,共有10余种变型车。M998“悍马”高机动性多用途轮式车辆采用了一系列技术措施,以提高其战术机动性,如:装用大功率增压柴油发动机、全自动变速器、整体式2速分动器、轮胎中央充放气系统、防抱死制动系统、选装泄气保用轮胎等,并配有
Tactical wheeled vehicles have always been highly regarded by the U.S. military as an important tool for logistics support and a platform for their weaponry and equipment. In the early 1980s, the U.S. military formulated a plan for the modernization of its tactical wheeled vehicles in an attempt to promote the all-round improvement of its mobility capability. After more than two decades of development, the U.S. military’s light, medium, heavy and special tactical vehicles have achieved full mobility and modernization and demonstrated excellent tactical performance in the partial wars. Before the birth of the light-duty tactical vehicle Hummer, the light tactical vehicles equipped by the U.S. military consisted primarily of the M151 Jeep and M274 mechanical mule with a mass of 0.25 tons, the M880 with a mass of 1.25 tons and the M561 with a mass of 1.5 tons A load tonnage, 4 series of models. In the early 1980s, the U.S. military started to develop a 1.25-tonne high mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle, commonly known as the Hummer, to replace the light sport utility vehicle. The “Hummer” series of basic cars for the M998, a total of more than 10 kinds of variant cars. M998 “Hummer” high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle uses a series of technical measures to improve its tactical mobility, such as: equipped with high-power supercharged diesel engine, automatic transmission, integral 2-speed transfer case, the central tire Deflation system, anti-lock brake system, optional deflated tires, etc., and equipped with