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介绍了陇中黄土高原丘陵区的自然地理特点， 分析了其生态环境现状， 认为极端脆弱的生态环境和超负荷的人口对该地区构成了双重压力。提出水土保持与生态建设是实现整个地区可持续发展的基础和前提。深入分析了水土保持与生态建设中存在的问题及其主要原因。在实地调研与比较研究的基础上， 提出了陇中黄土高原丘陵区生态建设的发展方向， 即：（１） 树立可持续发展的生态建设指导思想；（２） 走建设水土保持型生态农业与发展小流域生态经济的生态建设之路； （３） 实施生态建设富民的系统战略工程
The natural and geographical characteristics of Longzhong loess plateau are introduced. The current ecological environment is analyzed. It is considered that the extremely fragile ecological environment and the overloaded population have exerted double pressure on the area. Putting forward soil and water conservation and ecological construction is the basis and premise for realizing sustainable development in the entire region. In-depth analysis of the problems in soil and water conservation and ecological construction and its main causes. On the basis of field investigation and comparative study, this paper proposed the development direction of ecological construction in the hilly area of Longzhong Loess Plateau, namely: (1) establishing the guiding ideology of ecological construction for sustainable development; (2) taking the construction of soil and water conservation eco-agriculture and Develop the ecological construction path of ecological economy in small watershed; (3) implement the systematic strategic project of ecological construction and enriching people