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批判性思维(Critical Thinking,CT)的训练是英语公众演讲课(English Public Speaking,EPS)的重要教学内容,目的在于培养学生分析和整合信息的能力、质疑权威观点的精神以及反思精神等。本文对CT的定义和培养意义作了进一步的阐释,以“外研社杯”全国英语演讲比赛及辩论赛的赛题和演讲稿件为参照,提出系统的CT训练要从英语演讲稿的选题立意、结构和演讲者的临场反应这三个方面着手。选题立意要遵循平民原则、张力原则、审美原则;讲稿结构各部分要达到动态平衡、有机统一;而演讲者的临场反应则可以通过训练苏格拉底式的对话进行提高。
The training of Critical Thinking (CT) is an important teaching content of English Public Speaking (EPS). The goal is to cultivate students’ abilities to analyze and integrate information, question the spirit of authoritative opinions and reflect on others. In this paper, the definition and cultivation of CT are further explained. According to the questions and speeches of “Foreign Studies Cup” National English Speech Contest and Debating Competition, the author proposes that the systematic CT training should be based on the topics of English speech selection Conception, structure and the speaker’s on-the-spot reaction to these three aspects. The purpose of the topic is to follow the principle of civilians, tension principle and aesthetic principle; all parts of the structure of the speech should reach the dynamic equilibrium and organic unity; and the on-the-spot reaction of the speaker can be improved through the training of Socratic dialogue.