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以苹果和梨的二倍体和多倍体为试材，比较了气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目、气孔密度、气孔长和气孔宽四个性状与倍性的关系，分析各个性状用于倍性鉴定的可靠性，并采用两类性状同时进行判别分析，建立判别分析方程。结果表明，叶绿体数目和气孔长鉴定倍性的可靠性较高，其中，苹果气孔长误判率最低，为６．６７ ％ ；梨气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目误判率最低，为１２．５ ％ 。如以这两个性状进行判别分析，苹果判别方程鉴定倍性的可靠性与以气孔长鉴定倍性的可靠性相似，梨的判别方程可大大提高鉴定的可靠性
Using the diploid and the polyploid of apple and pear as test materials, the relationship between the number of stomatal guard cells and the ploidy of chloroplast numbers, stomatal density, stomatal length and stomatal width were compared. The characters of each trait were analyzed for ploidy identification Reliability, and using two types of traits simultaneously discriminant analysis, the establishment of discriminant analysis equation. The results showed that the number of chloroplasts and the determination of stomatal length were higher, and the false positive rate of stomatal length was the lowest (6.67%). The false positive rate of stomatal guard cells was the lowest (12.5%). If the discriminant analysis of these two traits is used, the reliability of identification of ploidy by apple discriminant equation is similar to the reliability of identification of ploidy by stomatal length. The discrimination equation of pear can greatly improve the reliability of identification