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引言光纤传感技术是七十年代中,后期随着光纤通信技术的发展而兴起的一门新兴技术。光纤传感器以其高灵敏度抗电磁干扰,安全防爆、体积小、结构简单且灵活多变、能与光纤通信技术兼容等许多独特的优点,受到各国的极大重视。美、日、及西欧各国都投入巨资进行研究。迄今为止,已证明光纤传感器可检测位移、转角、转速、振动加速度、表面粗糙度及电流、电压、磁场、声场、温度、压力、应变、流速等几十种机械量及其他物理、化学参量。因此光纤传感技术是一门十分有前途的新型传感技术,作为从事精密机械与测试计量工作的工程技术人员,应充分重视此门技术。为此特对光纤传感技术的基本原理及其在精密机械测试及计量中的应用作一简单介绍,并谈点对国内发展光纤传感技术的看法。
Introduction Optical fiber sensing technology is a new technology emerging in the middle and late 1970s with the development of optical fiber communication technology. Fiber optic sensors are highly valued by many countries for their unique advantages such as high sensitivity to electromagnetic interference, safe explosion-proof, small size, simple structure and flexibility, and compatibility with optical fiber communication technology. The United States, Japan, and Western European countries have invested heavily in research. To date, it has been proven that optical fiber sensors can detect dozens of mechanical quantities such as displacement, rotation angle, rotational speed, vibration acceleration, surface roughness and current, voltage, magnetic field, sound field, temperature, pressure, strain, flow rate and other physical and chemical parameters. Therefore, fiber optic sensing technology is a very promising new sensing technology, as engaged in precision machinery and test measurement of engineering and technical personnel, should give full attention to this door technology. To this end, I specially made a brief introduction of the basic principle of optical fiber sensing technology and its application in precision machinery testing and metrology, and talked about the development of optical fiber sensing technology in China.