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小麦冻害是一个重要农业气象灾害,对其机理和指标国内外均有报道。我省过去曾认为小麦冻害于冬季发生,影响北部麦区较突出。所用指标多以气温为基础,分蘖节受冻指标多借用外地资料,这种认识及指标已不完全适应当前生产的需要。为此我们在前人研究的基础上,从1979年开始,采用地理播种,分期播种等方法,进行平行观测,借助典型年的分析和调查,对我省冬麦冻害进行了初步研究,提出冬麦冻害按时间划分的三种类型及指标,试引出“负地积温”和“有害负地积温”的概念,用以反映分蘖节处热量状况。
Frost damage to wheat is an important agricultural meteorological disaster, and its mechanisms and indicators are reported at home and abroad. In the past, the province considered the frost damage of wheat to occur in winter, affecting more prominent northern wheat areas. Most of the indicators used to temperature based, more indicators of freezing tillering Festival to borrow more foreign information, this understanding and indicators have not fully adapted to current production needs. Based on the previous studies, based on the previous studies, we conducted a series of parallel observations using methods such as geographical sowing and staged sowing since 1979. Based on typical years of analysis and investigation, According to the three types and indexes of wheat germ damage divided by time, the concept of “negative accumulated soil temperature” and “negative negative accumulated temperature” are introduced to reflect the heat status at the tiller node.