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近年来,高校体育课中学生频繁发生运动伤害甚至猝死的现象,体育课堂运动风险已成为体育教学不可忽视的问题。正视运动风险,探究和明确引发运动伤害的相关诱因,并加以及时规避,成为每一名体育教师的责任,亦是顺利完成教学任务的保障。2016年,国务院颁布《关于强化学校体育促进学生身心健康全面发展的意见》,对学校体育工作提出明确要求。运用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、因子分析法、数理分析法对引发高校体育课堂运动风险的相关因素进行分析,根据所得因子提出理论建议,为风险规避策略的制定提供理论支持。结论:1风险因子的产生涉及教师、学生以及硬件设施,内容繁多,且存在诸多不可控因素,需要教师同时全面的安全知识及高度的防范意识。2经因子分析法降维,归纳出体育课堂运动风险的诱发因子6个,涵盖相关因素17个,分别是:教学监控因子、教学设计因子、身体准备因子、心理准备因子、条件因子。3各因子中根据影响程度大小排在首位的分别是:练习负荷设定、教学组织、热身程度、积极性、着装条件,应视为各教学环节的重点。
In recent years, there are frequent sports injuries and even sudden death among college students in PE class. The risk of sports classes has become a problem which can not be neglected in physical education. It is also the responsibility of every physical education teacher to face up to the risk of sports, explore and identify the relevant incentives that cause sports injuries, and avoid them in time. It is also the guarantee for the successful completion of teaching tasks. In 2016, the State Council promulgated the Opinions on Strengthening Physical Education in Schools to Promote the All-round Development of Students’ Physical and Mental Health, and put forward specific requirements on school physical education. By using the methods of literature review, interview, questionnaire, factor analysis and mathematical analysis, this paper analyzes the related factors that cause the sports risk in physical education classrooms of colleges and universities, and puts forward the theoretical suggestions based on the income factors to provide theoretical support for the development of risk avoidance strategies. Conclusions: 1 The risk factors involved teachers, students and hardware facilities, which have many contents and many uncontrollable factors. They also require teachers to have both comprehensive safety knowledge and a high degree of prevention awareness. By factor analysis dimension reduction, inducing six risk factors in physical education classroom motivation, covering 17 related factors, namely: teaching monitoring factor, teaching design factor, physical preparation factor, psychological preparation factor, conditional factor. 3 Factors in the first place according to the degree of influence are the following: exercise load setting, teaching organization, warm-up level, enthusiasm, dress code, should be regarded as the focus of all teaching links.