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目的 介绍乳腺内触诊阴性的微小钙化灶定位切除与活检的方法 ,为定性诊断提供组织学依据 ,提高临床触诊阴性乳腺癌的早诊率。方法 10 2例共 111侧乳腺微小钙化灶均在X线下放置 1～ 2根金属定位线 ,在定位线引导下行钙化灶切除及病理组织学检查。结果 全组乳腺癌 2 6例 ,占 2 5 .5 % ,钼靶片显示乳腺实质内的针尖样或沙粒样钙化灶 ,密度均匀一致 ,颜色深浅适中 ,多点成簇 ;乳腺良性疾病 76例 ,占 74 .5 % ;钼靶片显示乳腺实质和间质中的小点状和 /或小杆状钙化灶 ,大小不一 ,密度不均 ,数目少且散在。术前决定切除的钙化灶均一次性完整切除 ,无 1例再行补切 ,无并发症。结论 在影像科、外科、病理科的合作下 ,利用金属线在X线引导下对乳腺内微小钙化灶定位 ,在定位线引导下行钙化灶切除及病理组织学检查是一种有效而安全的诊断方法 ,提高了无肿块乳腺癌的早诊率 ;此方法简单易行便于推广。
Objective To introduce the method of microsurgical resection and biopsy of negative microcalcifications in the palpation of breast to provide histological basis for qualitative diagnosis and improve the diagnosis rate of clinical palpation negative breast cancer. Methods A total of 111 cases of breast microcalcification calcification were placed in the X-ray under the 1 or 2 metal positioning lines, guided by the positioning line calcification and pathology under the removal of histopathological examination. Results Twenty-six cases (25.5%) had breast cancer. The mammography showed needle-like or calcified calcification in the parenchyma of the breast with uniform density, moderate color depth and multiple clustering. Breast benign disease 76 Cases, accounting for 74.5%; molybdenum target film shows the parenchyma and interstitial small and / or small rod-shaped calcification, uneven size, uneven density, the number of small and scattered. Preoperative resection of the calcification were a complete one-time complete resection, no further cases of replacement, without complications. Conclusion Under the cooperation of imaging department, surgery department and pathology department, the localization of microcalcifications in the breast under the guidance of X-ray and the localization of calcification and histopathology in the locating line are effective and safe diagnosis Method to improve the rate of diagnosis of breast cancer without lumps; this method is simple and easy to promote.