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柯林斯(Collins)冰帽位于南极洲南设得兰群岛的乔治王岛上,冰帽总面积达1300km~2,占全岛面积的90%.1992年5月～10月中国国家南极科学考察队对柯林斯冰帽进行了较为系统的冰川学考察,并在柯林斯冰帽西南小冰穹钻取了6支冰芯,发现有多层火山灰沉积层,为确定南极地区火山活动序列提供了有力证据.研究用的冰芯位于小冰穹顶,海拔252m,全长80.36m,是所有冰芯中最长的一支.我们对其中的火山物质成分进行了初步研究,本文重点讨论火山灰的矿物学和矿物化学特征.1 一般特征冰芯中火山灰的分布状态可分为三种类型:(1)明显的致密层状态沉积物,厚约Icm(图1;(2)黑色呈小团块或聚片状分散在约3cm厚的范围内;(3)呈点状或局部聚合成小片状分
Collins Ice Cap Located on the island of George Island in the southern Shetland Islands of Antarctica, the ice cap covers a total area of 1,300 km2, accounting for 90% of the island area. From May to October 1992, the National Antarctic Expedition Team Collins ice caps were investigated systematically and 6 ice cores were drilled in the southwestern ice dome of the Collins Ice Cap and multiple layers of volcanic ash were found to provide strong evidence for determining the sequence of volcanic activities in Antarctica. The ice core used is located in a small ice dome, with an elevation of 252m and a total length of 80.36m, which is the longest of all ice cores. We have conducted a preliminary study of the volcanic components in this paper. This paper focuses on the mineralogy and mineral chemistry of volcanic ash CHARACTERISTICS .1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS The distribution of volcanic ash in ice cores can be divided into three types: (1) a distinctly dense layer of sediment with a thickness of about 1 cm (Figure 1); (2) small clusters or flakes of black dispersed In the range of about 3 cm thick; (3) dotted or partially polymerized into small pieces