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【目的】对切花小菊‘南农银山’和紫花野菊进行种间杂交,并对后代的表型和耐涝性进行鉴定,以期对切花小菊的耐涝性进行改良。【方法】以切花小菊‘南农银山’为母本(不耐涝)、紫花野菊为父本(耐涝)开展人工杂交。杂交后代通过形态学和SRAP分子标记进行鉴定。耐涝性通过测定淹水处理后叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性进行鉴定。【结果】获得1个种间杂交后代,其株高、叶长、叶宽、管状花数、舌状花数等形态指标均介于双亲之间;SRAP分子标记分析发现,子代中同时具有父、母本特异条带,说明获得的后代是真杂种。淹水处理后,子代的叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量的降低、丙二醛含量的升高显著低于母本‘南农银山’,且具有比母本更高的抗氧化酶活性,表现出较强的耐涝性。【结论】通过种间杂交能将紫花野菊的耐涝性导入切花小菊品种,进行切花小菊种质耐涝性改良和创新。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to identify interspecific hybridization among the small chrysanthemum ’Nannongyinshan’ and the wild chrysanthemum, and the phenotypic and waterlogging tolerance of the offspring were identified in order to improve the waterlogging tolerance of the cut chrysanthemum. 【Method】 The artificial hybridization was carried out with cut chrysanthemum ’Chrysanthemum’ Nannongyinshan ’as female parent (not resistant to waterlogging) and Viola chinensis as male parent (waterlogging resistance). Hybrids were identified by morphological and SRAP molecular markers. The waterlogging tolerance was determined by measuring the relative water content, chlorophyll content, MDA content and antioxidant enzyme activity of the leaves after flooding treatment. 【Result】 One of the interspecific hybrid progenies was obtained. The morphological indexes such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of tubular flowers and tongue-shaped flowers were all between parents. SRAP molecular marker analysis showed that both progeny Parent and maternal specific bands, indicating that the progeny obtained are true hybrids. After flooding, relative leaf water content, chlorophyll content, and malondialdehyde content in offspring were significantly lower than those in female parent ’Nannongyinshan’ and had a higher antioxidant enzyme activity than the female parent, Show a strong waterlogging resistance. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the waterlogging tolerance of Viola chinensis was introduced into Chrysanthemum indicum L. through interspecific hybridization. The improvement of waterlogging tolerance of Chrysanthemum indicum germplasm was carried out.