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模型转换法实际包含了2种方法，即模型法和转换法，它们既有相似的地方，又有不同的地方，所谓模型法，就是把某一类具体事物抽象为某个物理概念的研究方法。运用模型法进行探究时常常把实际的研究对象或实际的过程抽象成“物理模型”。如用铡刀铡草时，可以不必考虑刀的形状、刀的性质，而把铡刀看做是一个能够绕轴转动的硬杆，在物理学中把它称为“杠杆”，“杠杆”就是铡刀的“物理模型”。在研究光时，引入“光线”的概念；在研究磁场问题时，引入“磁感线”的概念；在研究原子结构时，引入原子的核式结构模型等等都是建立理想模型的一种表现。 所谓转换法，就是在研究过程中无法对研究对象进行直接测量和观察的情况下，可将其转化成相似的
The model conversion method actually contains two methods, namely the model method and the conversion method. They have similar places and different places. The so-called model method is a research method that abstracts a certain class of concrete things into a certain physical concept. . When using the model approach to inquiry, the actual research object or actual process is often abstracted as a “physical model.” In the case of a rake, it is not necessary to consider the shape of the knife or the nature of the knife. Instead, the trowel is considered to be a hard rod that can be rotated around its axis. In physics, it is called a “lever,” and a “lever” is a file. The “physical model”. In the study of light, the concept of “rays” was introduced; in the study of magnetic field problems, the concept of “magnetic induction lines” was introduced; in the study of atomic structures, the introduction of the nuclear structure model of atoms, etc., was a kind of ideal model. which performed. The so-called conversion method is to convert the research object into similar ones when it is impossible to directly measure and observe the research object during the research process.