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作者认为,西方对社会主义国家的研究,主要是两大学派的理论,一是所谓“极权主义理论”,一是所谓“现代化理论”,但是从现实看来均不准确。研究当代中国和苏联、东欧国家,应采取“体制分析”的方法。斯达克在哈佛大学获得博士学位,现为威斯康星大学社会学助理教授;倪在哈佛大学获得博士学位,现为康奈尔大学社会学教授。他们二人合编一本题为《重组社会主义的经济体制:中国与东欧》,即将由斯坦福大学出版社出版。本文为该书中第一篇论文,摘译自美国圣母大学凯洛格国际问题研究所《论文丛选》1988年12月号。
The author believes that the study of the socialist countries in the West is mainly based on the theories of the two schools of thought. The first is the so-called “totalitarian theory.” The first is the so-called “modernization theory.” However, it is not accurate from the reality. To study contemporary China and the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries, we should adopt the method of “institutional analysis.” Starck received a Ph.D. from Harvard University and is now an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin; Ni earned a PhD from Harvard University and is now a professor of sociology at Cornell University. The two of them co-edited a book titled “Economic System for the Restructuring of Socialism: China and Eastern Europe” to be published by Stanford University Press. This is the first essay in the book, extracted from the December 1988 issue of the Selected Papers of Kellogg Institute for International Studies, University of Notre Dame.