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目的通过对比分析某制革企业开展清洁生产管理前后化学性职业病危害因素检测结果,评估企业实施清洁生产管理对化学性职业病危害因素产生的控制效果。方法对该企业开展职业卫生学调查,对其实施清洁生产管理前后工作场所化学性职业病危害因素进行检测,并进行控制效果评价。结果该制革企业化学性职业病危害因素检测结果显示,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、丁酮、粉尘等是该企业所存在主要的化学性职业病危害因素。在实施清洁生产前,开布车间开布机台、表处车间调油墨岗位的甲苯时间加权平均浓度和短时间接触浓度超标,最高浓度分别达61.72、117.84 mg/m~3,丙酮短时间接触浓度达453.26 mg/m~3,压延车间压延线高搅岗位粉尘时间加权平均浓度达10.70 mg/m~3,超过国家职业卫生标准限值。实施清洁生产后,各种化学性职业有害因素的时间加权平均浓度和短时间接触浓度均低于国家职业卫生标准限值,较实施清洁生产前明显降低。结论清洁生产管理对以有毒化学物质作为原辅材料的人工制革行业职业病危害因素的控制效果明显。
Objective By comparative analysis of a tanning enterprise to carry out cleaner production management before and after the chemical occupational hazards test results to assess the implementation of cleaner production management of chemical occupational hazards in the control effect. Methods To carry out a survey on occupational hygiene of the enterprise and test the risk factors of chemical occupational diseases in the workplace before and after the implementation of cleaner production management and evaluate the control effect. Results The chemical occupational hazards of tannery enterprises showed that benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone and dust were the main chemical occupational hazards in this enterprise. Before the implementation of cleaner production, open the workshop to open the machine, adjust the position of the workshop on behalf of the ink time-weighted average concentration of toluene and short-term exposure concentration exceeded the maximum concentrations were 61.72,117.84 mg / m ~ 3, acetone short-term exposure Concentration of 453.26 mg / m ~ 3, calendaring workshop rolling high-pressure dust mixing time weighted average concentration of 10.70 mg / m ~ 3, exceeding the national occupational health standards limit. After the implementation of cleaner production, the time-weighted average concentration and short-term exposure concentration of various chemical occupational harmful factors were lower than the national occupational health standards limit, significantly lower than before the implementation of cleaner production. Conclusions Cleaner production management has obvious control effect on the occupational hazards of the artificial leather tanning industry which uses toxic chemical substances as the raw and auxiliary materials.