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由电场引起的晶体折射率的变化称为晶体的电光效应,具有电光效应的晶体称为电光晶体。利用电光效应可以制作电光Q开关等重要光电器件。晶体的电光效应及其有效利用,均与其对称性密切相关。本文在综述电光晶体研究进展的基础上,推导了不同晶系中各晶类电光效应类型及其特点,并以电光Q开关的要求为例讨论了晶体的电光效应及其对称性之间的关系。从讨论结果得出:立方晶系Td-ˉ43m,三方晶系C3v-3m,四方晶系D2d-4ˉ2m,D4v-4mm和六方晶系D3h-6ˉm2,C6v-6mm点群中相应电光系数的横向或纵向效应可能有实用价值。在考虑旋光性影响后,立方晶系T-23,三方晶系D3-32,四方晶系中S4-4ˉ,六方晶系中C3h-6ˉ等也有可能应用。但是,电光晶体的应用与许多因素相关,对称性只是其中一个基本条件。
The change of the refractive index of the crystal caused by the electric field is called the electro-optic effect of the crystal, and the crystal having the electro-optic effect is called the electro-optic crystal. The use of electro-optic effect can make electro-optic Q switch and other important optoelectronic devices. The electro-optic effect of the crystal and its efficient use are closely related to its symmetry. Based on the research progress of electro-optic crystals, the types and characteristics of electro-optic effects in different crystal systems are deduced. The relationship between electro-optic effect and symmetry of the crystal is discussed based on the requirements of electro-optic Q-switch . From the results of the discussion, it is concluded that the corresponding electro-optical coefficients of the cubic system Td-ˉ43m, the trigonal system C3v-3m, the tetragonal D2d-4ˉ2m, D4v-4mm and the hexagonal D3h-6ˉm2, C6v- Longitudinal effects may have practical value. After considering the effect of optical rotation, cubic system T-23, trigonal system D3-32, tetragonal system S4-4ˉ, hexagonal system C3h-6ˉ, etc. may also be applied. However, the application of electro-optic crystals is related to many factors, and symmetry is only one of the basic conditions.