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目的:建立端面车削加工模型和不同误差下车削表面形貌的仿真方法,分析车床误差与切削加工表面形貌之间的关联关系。创新点:1.考虑机床几何误差和主轴运动误差的影响,将车床综合运动误差模型引入到表面形貌仿真中,建立车削端面表面形貌三维仿真模型;2.研究主轴误差和几何误差对表面粗糙度的影响,分析各项误差影响的显著性水平。方法:1.分析典型的车床结构及误差元素,建立车床综合误差模型(表1、图1和图2);2.分析车削加工表面成型机理,研究车床误差对端面车削表面质量的影响规律,建立两者之间的数学映射关系(图3和图6);3.基于正交实验法设计仿真实验,分析不同误差的影响趋势(图9、图10、表3和表4)。结论:1.车床几何误差和主轴误差对端面车削加工表面形貌影响很大,其中导轨直线度会线性地叠加到车削端面的径向廓上;主轴绕y轴的转角误差、导轨绕y轴的转角误差和车床导轨间的垂直度误差会使车削端面的径向轮廓出现倾斜现象;主轴的位移误差会导致车削表面产生脊峰。2.加工表面粗糙度受主轴位移误差的振幅和频率影响较大。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a simulation model of face turning machining model and turning surface topography with different errors, and to analyze the relationship between lathe error and machining surface topography. Innovative points: 1. Considering the influence of the geometric error of the machine tool and the movement error of the spindle, the integrated motion error model of the lathe is introduced into the surface topography simulation to establish the three-dimensional simulation model of the turning end surface topography; 2. The influence of the spindle error and the geometric error on the surface Roughness, analysis of the impact of the significance of the level of error. The typical lathe structure and error elements are analyzed, and the comprehensive error model of lathe is established (Table 1, Figure 1 and Figure 2); 2. The forming mechanism of turning surface is analyzed; the influence of lathe error on the turning surface quality of the end surface is studied; Establish a mathematical mapping relationship between the two (Figure 3 and Figure 6); 3. Based on the orthogonal experiment design simulation experiment, analysis of the impact of different trends trends (Figure 9, Figure 10, Table 3 and Table 4). The lathe geometric errors and spindle errors have a great influence on the surface morphology of the end turning machining, in which the linearity of the guideway is linearly superimposed on the radial profile of the turning end face. The angular error of the spindle about the y axis, Of the angular error and the verticality between the lathe guideway error will make the turning of the radial profile of the tilting phenomenon; spindle displacement error will lead to turning surface spine. 2. Machining surface roughness by the spindle displacement error amplitude and frequency greater impact.