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为探究秦始皇陵兵马俑的原料来源和烧制技术 ,选取 6 3个秦始皇陵 2 ,3号坑的兵马俑样品和 2 0个秦陵附近的黏土样品 ,2个耀州瓷胎样品 ,进行中子活化分析 (NAA) ,测定每个样品中 32种微量元素的质量分数 .将这批NAA数据进行模糊聚类分析 ,得到动态模糊聚类分析图 .结果表明 ,2号坑和 3号坑兵马俑原料来源不完全相同 ,但多数兵马俑样品与秦陵附近的垆土样品关系密切 ,其原料来源可能在秦陵附近 ,由此推断烧制 2 ,3号坑兵马俑的窑址也可能在秦陵附近 .还初步分析了 2 ,3号坑兵马俑研制工程的历史背景和秦陵封土 ,2号坑夯土、回填土与附近黏土的关系 .
In order to explore the source of raw materials and firing techniques of the terracotta warriors and horses of the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum, we selected terra-cotta warriors and horses of No. 2 and No. 3 pit of Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum and 20 samples of clay near Qinling Tombs and 2 porcelain samples of Yaozhou for neutron activation analysis (NAA) were used to determine the mass fraction of 32 trace elements in each sample.According to the fuzzy clustering analysis of these NAA data, the dynamic fuzzy cluster analysis chart was obtained.The results showed that the sources of raw materials for No.2 pit and No.3 pit were not sourced However, most of the samples of terracotta warriors and horses were closely related to the soil samples near the Qinling Tombs, and their sources of raw materials may be near the Qinling Tombs. Therefore, it is concluded that the kiln sites of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Pit No.2 and No.3 may also be near the Qinling Tombs. The historical background of the development of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of No. 2 and No. 3 pit and the relationship between the Qinling seashore, No.2 pitched earth, backfill soil and nearby clay were analyzed.