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目的分析影响患者皮肤扩张器置入术后感染的危险因素,为制订干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,通过查阅病历结合电话询问获取相关资料,采用病例对照研究方法进行统计分析。结果共调查532例扩张器置入患者,其中发生术后感染22例,感染率为4.14%,病例组共纳入14例感染患者。单因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示,扩张器置入个数(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.20~2.32)、埋置部位(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.30~2.32)、患者居住环境(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.84~2.65)、是否常规消毒(OR=2.66,95%CI:1.76~4.32)差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示患者居住环境(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.15~2.25)、是否常规消毒(OR=3.66,95%CI:2.86~3.22)是进入回归方程的2个主要因素,均P<0.01。结论患者居住环境以及是否常规消毒是影响患者皮肤软组织扩张器置入术后感染的主要危险因素,临床上应重点加强对围手术期患者及主要照顾者预防感染知识教育,建立患者出院后延续护理体系。
Objective To analyze the risk factors affecting the postoperative infection of skin expander in patients and provide a scientific basis for the development of interventions. Methods The self-designed questionnaire was used to obtain the relevant data by consulting the medical records and telephone interrogation, and the case-control research methods were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 532 cases of dilators were placed in the patients. Of them, 22 cases were postoperatively infected, the infection rate was 4.14%. A total of 14 cases were included in the case group. Univariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the number of dilator placement (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.20-2.32), embedded site (OR = 1.75,95% CI: 1.30-2.32) OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.84-2.65). The difference was statistically significant (both P <0.05). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the patients living environment (OR = 1.55,95% CI: 1.15 ~ 2.25), routine disinfection (OR = 3.66,95% CI: 2.86 ~ 3.22) is entered the regression equation of the two main factors , All P <0.01. Conclusion The living environment and routine disinfection of patients are the main risk factors affecting the postoperative infection of skin and soft tissue dilators in patients. Clinically, we should pay more attention to knowledge of infection prevention in perioperative patients and primary caregivers, system.