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股份制作为一种产权制度,早在18世纪初就出现在欧洲。到19世纪后半期,它流行于资本主义世界各国。在股份制产生之前,企业的组织形式有两种:一种是由一人单独出资、自己或雇人经营的独资企业,另一种是由二人或二人以上订立契约、共同出资、合伙经营的企业。这里所说的一人或二人,包括自然人或法人。股份公司作为一种新的企业组织形式,它是通过发行股票筹集资本而建立的。成立股份公司,首先要依法经政府主管机关核准,然后将预定的资本总额分成若干等份(即股份)卖给公众。
The production of shares was a property right system that appeared in Europe as early as the 18th century. By the latter half of the 19th century, it was popular in the capitalist countries. Before the joint-stock system emerges, there are two types of organization: one is a sole proprietorship funded by a person who invests by himself or himself, or the other is a contractual, co-funded, partnership-operated business with two or more persons. enterprise. One or two persons mentioned here include natural persons or legal persons. As a new form of corporate organization, a stock company is established by issuing stocks to raise capital. The establishment of a joint-stock company must first be approved by the competent government agencies according to law, and then the predetermined total amount of capital should be divided into several equal shares (ie shares) sold to the public.