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船体污损确实是全球性的重要问题,通常的防止污损的方法是以在所谓防污涂料中使用毒料组分为基础的。这些毒料组分必须缓慢地渗出或释放到周围海水中。特别在污损严重的海域,船舶停泊的时间愈长,渗毒或释放毒性要求就愈高。这就产生了影响鱼类、抑制其它海洋生物的污染问题。对海水中铜含量的充分研究指出,以溶解、悬浮和沉淀状态存在的铜已达到足够高的浓度,应当引起人们警惕。因此,要求在原理上不采用释放毒料亦能防止污损的涂料体系方面进一步做工作。本文介绍了两种这样的体系,在严重污损的海域,对防止污损生物的附着取得一定成绩,并提出每种情况排斥的初步机理。
Hull defacement is indeed a globally important issue, and the usual method of preventing fouling is based on the use of a toxin component in so-called antifouling paints. These poisons must be slowly exuded or released into the surrounding seawater. Especially in heavily defaced waters, the longer the vessel berths, the higher the requirement of toxic or release toxicity. This creates problems that affect fish and inhibit the pollution of other marine life. Adequate studies of the copper content in seawater have pointed out that copper present in dissolved, suspended and precipitated forms has reached a sufficiently high concentration and should arouse people’s vigilance. Therefore, it is required to do more work on the principle of not using a coating system that can release detoxification material and also prevent fouling. This article describes two such systems that have achieved some success in the prevention of the attachment of fouling organisms in severely defaced seas and have proposed a preliminary mechanism of exclusion in each case.