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以粉末冶金法制备了具有屏蔽效能的铝基复合材料,分别以10∶1、15∶1和25∶1挤压比热挤压,并将挤压后的材料进行固溶强化和时效处理。通过对挤压态和T4态(WC+B4C)P/6063Al复合材料拉伸性能的比较以及SEM、TEM分析,研究了该复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:以15∶1挤压比进行热挤压,在520～530℃下固溶强化和时效处理时,该复合材料的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度大于300MPa且伸长率达10%以上;热处理后基体中Mg2Si析出相尺寸和形貌上的变化以及增强颗粒的弥散强化是该复合材料力学性能提升的原因。
Aluminum matrix composites with shielding effectiveness were prepared by powder metallurgy method. The extruded composites were hot extruded at 10: 1, 15: 1 and 25: 1 respectively, and the extruded materials were solid solution strengthened and aged. The mechanical properties of the composites were studied by comparing the tensile properties of the composites with those of the pressed state and the T4 (WC + B4C) P / 6063Al composites and by SEM and TEM. The results show that the composite material has the best mechanical properties at the temperature of 520-530 ℃ and the tensile strength of more than 300MPa and the elongation of 10% ; The change of size and morphology of the Mg2Si precipitates in the matrix after heat treatment and the dispersion strengthening of the reinforcing particles are the reason for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite.