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目的探讨煤工尘肺患者的小气道功能损伤特点。方法使用最大用力呼气流速-容积曲线对27 7例各期煤工尘肺患者的小气道功能损伤情况进行分析。结果各期煤工尘肺患者呼气中末期流速存在明显差异,表明煤工尘肺患者小气道功能受到早期、普遍和严重损害,而合并肺结核患者较单纯煤工尘肺呼气中、末期流速下降更为明显。结论不可忽视小气道功能损伤对煤矿工人及尘肺患者的健康影响,应及早防治肺结核及定期开展接尘工人及尘肺患者的小气道功能检查,以利于煤工尘肺患者慢性呼吸道疾病的防治。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of small airway injury in coal worker’s pneumoconiosis. Methods The maximal forced expiratory flow-volume curve was used to analyze the airway function impairment in 277 patients with pneumoconiosis. Results There was a significant difference in the end-stage flow velocity between patients with pneumoconiosis and pneumoconiosis in each phase, indicating that the airway function of patients with coal-mining pneumoconiosis was early, widespread and severe damage. However, compared with pure pneumoconiosis patients with pneumoconiosis, the flow velocity decreased more obvious. Conclusions The health effects of small airway injury on coal miners and pneumoconiosis patients should not be neglected. Small pulmonary function tests should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent tuberculosis and regularly carry out dust-collecting workers and pneumoconiosis patients in order to facilitate prevention and treatment of chronic respiratory diseases in coal workers with pneumoconiosis.