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原发于鼻咽癌的恶性肿瘤绝大部分是鳞状上皮癌。腺癌和囊腺癌相对较少见,但其中一些病例可能起源于咽旁间隙深部的小莚腺,患者可以在相当长一段时间内有鼻咽癌的症状和体征,但可无鼻咽癌部粘膜的异常。囊腺癌没有包膜,可沿神经蔓延,浸润范围远远超过肉眼所见。非何杰金氏淋巴瘤是第二为最常见的鼻咽部恶性肿瘤,应注意是否是全身性淋巴结瘤的一部分。在儿童,横纹肌肉瘤氏最常见的恶性肿瘤。颈部神经母细胞瘤也可以出现鼻咽癌和颅底的症状。其他少见的肿瘤有颅底脊索瘤。软骨肉瘤,纤维肉瘤或骨肉瘤也可以表现为鼻咽部的肿物。黑色素瘤、嗅神经母细胞瘤原发于鼻腔,但可累及鼻咽部。浆细胞瘤、颅底转移瘤、咽喉淋巴结转移瘤也可表现为鼻咽部肿物。
The primary malignant tumor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is mostly squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas and cystadenocarcinomas are relatively rare, but some of these cases may originate from the parvum in the deep parapharyngeal space. Patients may have symptoms and signs of nasopharyngeal cancer for a long period of time, but no nasopharyngeal carcinoma Department of mucosal abnormalities. Cystadenocarcinoma is not enveloped, can be spread along the nerve, infiltration range far beyond the naked eye. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the second most common type of nasopharyngeal malignancy and should be considered if it is part of a systemic lymph node. In children, rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignancy. Cervical neuroblastoma can also appear nasopharyngeal and skull base symptoms. Other rare tumors have skull base chordoma. Chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma or osteosarcoma can also be manifested as nasopharyngeal tumor. Melanoma, olfactory neuroblastoma primary in the nasal cavity, but can affect the nasopharynx. Plasmacytoma, skull base metastases, lymph node metastases can also be expressed as nasopharyngeal tumor.