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为有效开展防灾减灾,需要充分了解区域海洋减灾能力现状,从而科学确定未来减灾能力建设的优先领域及重点工程。首先梳理了能力评估与灾害管理阶段、能力建设优先领域、能力评估对象与建设主体等要素之间的关系,以及评估指标体系共性设计与区域个性的关系;其次,通过组织部门及地方的相关减灾机构与专家开展多方参与式讨论,综合了海洋、水文、气象、民政、应急、教育及综合减灾等多个领域专家的减灾经验,构建了区域海洋减灾能力评估三级指标体系,包括6个一级指标、21个二级指标及136个三级指标;然后,基于专家问卷(有效问卷69份)及层次分析(AHP)方法,量化了三级指标体系中各指标的权重。区域海洋减灾能力评估三级指标体系及指标权重成果已在相关市县开展了评估试点应用,为未来在全国范围开展区域海洋减灾能力评估奠定了良好基础。
In order to effectively carry out disaster prevention and mitigation, it is necessary to fully understand the status quo of regional marine disaster reduction capabilities so as to scientifically determine the priority areas and key projects for capacity-building for disaster reduction in the future. Firstly, the relationship between competency assessment and disaster management stage, priority areas of capacity building, the object of capacity assessment and the main body of construction, and the relationship between commonality design and regional personality of the index system are reviewed. Secondly, by organizing departments and local relevant disaster mitigation Institutions and experts carried out a multi-participatory discussion which integrated the experiences of disaster reduction among experts in various fields such as oceanography, hydrology, meteorology, civil affairs, emergency response, education and comprehensive disaster reduction and constructed a three-level indicator system for regional marine disaster reduction capability assessment, including 6 Level indicators, 21 second-level indicators and 136 third-level indicators. Then, based on the expert questionnaire (69 valid questionnaires) and AHP, the weights of each indicator in the three-level indicator system were quantified. The three-level indicator system and index weighting results of the regional marine disaster reduction capability assessment have been carried out in relevant counties and counties, which has laid a good foundation for the future assessment of the regional marine disaster reduction capacity.