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目的分析不同分娩方式和分娩孕周对学龄期儿童学习能力的影响。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,在昆山市抽取的4 983名6~12岁儿童(其父母、老师等)进行不同分娩状态及学龄期学习能力等相关因素的问卷调查。采用多重线性回归来分析不同分娩方式和分娩孕周对学龄期儿童学习能力的影响。结果本次研究共纳入研究对象4 983例,其学习能力平均分为(4.26±0.52)分,其中女生的学习能力平均分[(4.35±0.48)分]显著高于男生[(4.18±0.53)分](P<0.05),高年级的学习能力平均分[(4.36±0.52)分]高于中年级[(4.23±0.52)分]和低年级[(4.18±0.49)分](P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析发现,调整了性别、年级的影响后,以顺产作为参比组,剖宫产和难产对学龄期儿童学习能力的影响尚无统计学意义;以足月产儿童为参比,早产的学龄期儿童其学习能力平均分会降低0.07分,过期产的儿童其学习能力平均分会降低0.08分。结论早产和过期产对学龄期儿童的学习能力存在一定影响。
Objective To analyze the effects of different modes of delivery and delivery gestational age on learning ability of school-age children. Methods A total of 4 983 children aged 6-12 (parents, teachers, etc.) Drawn from Kunshan City were surveyed by cluster random sampling method in different delivery status and school-age learning ability. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effects of different modes of delivery and childbirth gestational age on learning ability of school-aged children. Results A total of 4 983 subjects were enrolled in this study. The average learning ability was 4.26 ± 0.52, with a mean score of [4.35 ± 0.48] points for girls compared with boys [(4.18 ± 0.53) (4.36 ± 0.52) points higher than those in middle grades [(4.23 ± 0.52) points) and lower grades (4.18 ± 0.49 points) (P0.05) ). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender and grade, the effect of cesarean section and dystocia on learning ability of school-age children was not statistically significant with the birth as the reference group; with full-term children as the reference, Premature school-age children have an average of 0.07 points for learning ability and an average of 0.08 points for children with obsolescence. Conclusions Premature delivery and overproduction have some effect on the learning ability of children of school age.