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恶心、呕吐是化疗中常见的不良反应.有20%～30%的患者因害怕严重的恶心、呕吐而拒绝或延迟化疗.枢复宁、恩丹西酮(ondansetron)是一类5羟色胺3(5-HT_3)阻滞剂,能预防和减轻化疗引起的恶心、呕吐.我们采用恩丹西酮与甲氧氯普胺、地塞米松联合应用,预防恶性肿瘤化疗中的恶心、呕吐,取得良好的效果.材料和方法一、病例选择 恶性肿瘤化疗患者188例,男性151例,女性37例.年龄为32～78岁,平均56岁.其中肺癌85例,食管癌65例,贲门癌13例,胃癌8例,结肠癌5例,纵隔恶性肿瘤8例,肝癌4例.188例中,顺铂组140例,非铂类组48例;介入化疗85例,静脉化疗103例.二、治疗方法(一)铂类组 用顺铂当天,化疗前15min,将思丹西酮8mg,加到0.9%氯化钠注射液20ml中静脉注射(铂类药和恩丹西酮使用天数相同).化疗日起按常规在5%葡萄糖注射液250ml内加甲氧氯普胺40mg和地塞米松10mg静脉滴注,每天1次,3～5天.(二)非铂类组 分别采用阿霉素30mg,表柔比星40mg,环磷酸胺500 mg,吡柔比星40mg/m～2联合方案.化疗当天,化疗前15min用恩丹西酮8mg静脉注射,并按常规在 5%葡萄糖注射液250ml内加甲氧氯普胺40mg和地塞米松10mg静脉滴注,每天1次,连用3天.三、疗效及评定标准(一)恶心分级①无——无恶心;②轻度——不影响进食及日常生活;③中度——影响?
Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions in chemotherapy. 20% to 30% of patients refused or delayed chemotherapy due to fear of severe nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron is a class of serotonin 3 ( 5-HT_3) blockers can prevent and reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. We used an ondansetron combination with metoclopramide and dexamethasone to prevent nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy for malignant tumors. The effects and materials and methods 1. Case selection 188 cases of malignant tumor chemotherapy patients, male 151 cases, female 37 cases. Age is 32 to 78 years old, average 56 years old. Among them, 85 cases of lung cancer, 65 cases of esophageal cancer, 13 cases of cardia cancer. 8 cases of gastric cancer, 5 cases of colon cancer, 8 cases of mediastinal malignancies, 4 cases of liver cancer, 188 cases, 140 cases of cisplatin group, 48 cases of non-platinum group; 85 cases of interventional chemotherapy, 103 cases of intravenous chemotherapy. Methods (1) In the platinum group, cisplatin was used on the same day and 15 minutes before chemotherapy, 8 mg of Sidamestrone was added intravenously to 0.9% sodium chloride injection (20 ml). (Platinum and Ondansetron use the same number of days). On the day of chemotherapy, routinely add metoclopramide 40 mg and dexamethasone 10 mg intravenously in 250 ml 5% glucose injection once daily for 3 to 5 days (B) The non-platinum group was treated with doxorubicin 30 mg, epirubicin 40 mg, cyclic phosphatidylamine 500 mg, and pirarubicin 40 mg/m-2, respectively. On the day of chemotherapy, ondansetron was given 15 min before chemotherapy. Intravenous injection of 8mg, and routinely in the 5% glucose injection 250ml plus metoclopramide 40mg and dexamethasone 10mg intravenous infusion once a day for 3 days. Third, the efficacy and assessment criteria (a) nausea classification 1 No - no nausea; 2 mild - does not affect eating and daily life; 3 moderate - impact?