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一 關於執行、貫徹部颁教學計劃問题我認為教師舆畢生對新的教學計劃、新的教學大綱、新的教材的掌握都感到困難這一估計,是正確而且符合實際情况的;尤其是在目前還缺乏完善的教科書的情况下,要執行新的教學計劃及新的教學大綱,確實是有困難的:這就要求教師具有高度的知識水平和教學藝術水平。過去,在蘇聯的高等學校裏也遭遇到一些困難,甚至此你們現在感到的困難還更大,但是,這些困難都在教師舆學生的共同努力下克服了。在中國的高等學校裏,這些困難也是可能克服的,因為你們有着很好的教授陣容和愛勞動、愛學習的學生。同志們提出的問題中,曾問到:蘇聯高等學校的學生在學習上是否有困難,是否有忙亂现象?蘇聯高等學校在教學工作方面雖然取得了很大的成績,積累了不少的經驗,但在工作中也仍然有很多困難,在某些情况下,也有負担過重的情形存在。要克服這些现象,需要注意三個問题: 第一個問題,也是最主要的一個問題,就是:教師必須很好地組織自己的講授,把知識更好地傅授給學生;必须很好地組織實習作業等各種教學形式來幫助學生,教師不應對自己的教學採取「只教書、不教人」的態度,也不應形式主義地傳授知識,教師要在這方面作很多的努力,以最好的方式把知識傳授給學生。我曾經研究了幾所中國高等學校的教學工作情况,從教師方面來看,還存在着一些缺點:有些教師對自己的責任採取形式主義的態度,只是按鐘點講授,至於學生是否理解和接受了自己所講的內容,掌握知識的程度如何,則漠不關心。另外,還有些教師不善於組織課堂教學,不按計劃進行講授。例如有
As for the implementation and implementation of the ministry’s teaching plan, I think it is correct and in fact correct to expect that the teacher’s life experience of new teaching plans, new syllabus and new teaching materials will be difficult. In particular, at present In the absence of sound textbooks, it is indeed difficult to implement new teaching plans and new syllabuses: this requires teachers to have a high level of knowledge and teaching skills. In the past, we encountered some difficulties in higher education institutions in the Soviet Union. Even the difficulties you now feel are even greater. However, these difficulties have been overcome by the joint efforts of teachers and students. In China’s colleges and universities, these difficulties are also possible to overcome, because you have a good professor team and love work, love to learn the students. Among the questions put forward by the comrades, they asked: Are there any difficulties in the study of students in higher education institutions in the Soviet Union? Are there any hurries? The Soviet colleges and universities have made great achievements in teaching and have accumulated a great deal of experience. However, there are still many difficulties in their work. In some cases, there are also overburdened situations. To overcome these phenomena, three problems need attention: the first and the most important one is that teachers must organize their own teaching well and impart knowledge to students better. Organizations must be well organized Internship and other forms of teaching to help students, teachers should not take their own teaching “only teach, do not teach people” attitude, nor should the formal teaching of knowledge, teachers should make a lot of efforts in this regard, the best Way to pass on knowledge to students. I have studied some of the teaching work in higher education institutions in China. There are still some shortcomings on the part of teachers: Some teachers take a formalistic attitude toward their responsibilities only by hourly time points. As to whether students understand and accept What they say, how much knowledge they have, indifferent. In addition, some teachers are not good at organizing classroom teaching, do not teach according to plan. For example there