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目的:探讨动脉外膜炎症诱发载脂蛋白E基因剔除(apoE-/-)小鼠冠状动脉粥样硬化病灶发生的机制。方法:取apoE-/-小鼠心脏做连续切片,选择冠状动脉外膜有炎性细胞浸润的3类部位代表粥样硬化病灶形成过程中的3个阶段:①未发现粥样硬化病灶;②有直接从主动脉延伸的病灶顶端和③成熟粥样硬化病灶的冠状动脉。分别采用HE染色、Movat染色、免疫组化和透射电镜方法鉴定3个病变阶段的冠状动脉外膜中炎细胞类型。结果:①未发现粥样硬化病灶;②有直接从主动脉延伸的病灶顶端和③成熟粥样硬化病灶的冠状动脉外膜分别以巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞浸润为主,其构成比分别为60.00%、57.65%和66.67%,各组构成比分别与其它两组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:动脉外膜炎症可能是诱发动脉粥样硬化发生的早期事件之一,ApoE-/-小鼠冠状动脉粥样硬化病灶形成过程中,动脉外膜经历了一个从急性炎症到慢性炎症的过程。
Objective: To investigate the mechanism of atherosclerotic lesions induced by adventitial inflammation in apolipoprotein E gene knockout (apoE - / -) mice. Methods: The heart of apoE - / - mice was serially sectioned. The three types of parts with inflammatory cell infiltration in the adventitia of the coronary artery were selected to represent the three stages in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions: ① no atherosclerotic lesions were found; ② There are the top of the lesions extending directly from the aorta and the coronary arteries of the mature atherosclerotic lesions. The types of inflammatory cells in the adventitia of the coronary arteries were identified by HE staining, Movat staining, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Results: ① No atherosclerotic lesions were observed. ② There was a direct infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes from the apex of the lesions directly extending from the aorta and the mature adventitial lesions of the coronary arteries. The constituent ratios were 60.00%, 57.65% and 66.67%, respectively, and the proportions of the constituent groups were significantly different from those of the other two groups (P <0.01). Conclusion: Arterial adventitial inflammation may be one of the early events of inducing atherosclerosis. During the formation of coronary atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE - / - mice, the adventitia undergoes a process from acute inflammation to chronic inflammation .