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本文介绍了宽板拉伸试验和大应变理论,并着重介绍了该理论在低温用钢上的应用。指出通常用于贮存和运输液化石油气的钢材是细晶粒的碳锰钢或Ni基合金钢,而用于贮存和运输液化天然气的钢材为9%镍钢。它们的应力一应变关系曲线不一(具有留得线或不具备留得线)。依据大应变理论分析,由它们制成的焊接结构中的允许裂纹尺寸差别很大,实验也充分证明了这一点。同时,根据大应变理论分析,文章还指出了国外一些现行规范标准的局限性。
This paper introduces the tensile test of wide slab and the theory of large strain, and emphatically introduces the application of this theory on low temperature steel. The steel commonly used to store and transport liquefied petroleum gas is fine-grained carbon-manganese steel or Ni-based alloy steel, while the steel used to store and transport liquefied natural gas is 9% nickel steel. They have different stress-strain curves (with or without retention lines). Based on the analysis of the theory of large strain, the allowable crack sizes in the welded structures made by them are very different, which is fully proved by experiments. At the same time, according to the analysis of the theory of big strain, the article also points out the limitations of some existing normative standards in foreign countries.