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利用1981—2010年我国棉花全生育期和各生育阶段降水资料,分析在不同年降水量保证率条件下,棉花全生育期降水和需水量的变化特征.结果表明:我国棉花全生育期降水分布总体稳定少变,由南至北降水量递减;棉花全生育期需水量分布情况相似,新疆地区需水量较全国其他地方多;降水盈亏0毫米线在35°N附近,最大亏缺量在1000 mm左右,最大盈余量在800~1200 mm.各生育阶段需水量以下降趋势为主,尤其是开花-吐絮期更为明显,棉花全生育期需水量Kendall倾斜度为-3.6673~-0.3733.
The characteristics of precipitation and water requirement during the whole growth period of cotton under different annual precipitation guarantee rates were analyzed by using the data of precipitation during the whole growth period and all growth stages of China from 1981 to 2010. The results showed that the distribution of precipitation during the whole growth period of cotton The overall steady and changeable, decreasing from south to north; the distribution of water demand during the whole growth period of cotton is similar; the demand of water in Xinjiang is more than other parts of the country; and the 0 mm line of precipitation gain and loss is around 35 ° N with the largest deficit at 1000 mm, the maximum surplus is 800 ~ 1200 mm.The water demand in all growth stages is mainly decreased, especially in flowering-bolting stage, and the Kendall slope of the whole growth period is -3.6673 ~ -0.3733.